Serum activin B levels as predictive biomarker for ectopic pregnancy

Serum activin A levels and tubal ectopic pregnancy

Dear Editor Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the most important cause of maternal death in the first trimester accounting for 9 13% of all pregnancy-related deaths (1). Despite the use of transvaginal sonography and high sensitive quantitative beta-hCG assays for diagnosis, nearly 40-50% of all EPs may be initially misdiagnosed (2). Therefore, several biomarkers have been investigated for early diagno...

serum activin a levels and tubal ectopic pregnancy

ectopic pregnancy (ep) is the most important cause of maternal death in the first trimester accounting for 9 - 13% of all pregnancy-related deaths (1). despite the use of transvaginal sonography and high sensitive quantitative beta-hcg assays for diagnosis, nearly 40-50% of all eps may be initially misdiagnosed (2). therefore, several biomarkers have been investigated for early diagnosis of ep....

Molar Pregnancy Presents as Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy

Maternal Serum Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 as a Biomarker for Ectopic Pregnancy in Women with a Pregnancy of Unknown Location

BACKGROUND Ectopic pregnancy (EP) occurs in 1-2% of pregnancies, but is over-represented as a leading cause of maternal death in early pregnancy. It remains a challenge to diagnose early and accurately. Women often present in early pregnancy with a 'pregnancy of unknown location' (PUL) and the diagnosis and exclusion of EP is difficult due to a lack of reliable biomarkers. A serum biomarker abl...

Activin A and Follistatin as Biomarkers for Ectopic Pregnancy and Missed Abortion

Activin A as a predictor of pregnancy failure has been the focus of heated debate, but the value of a combined activin A and follistatin (FS) measurement in serum to predict pregnancy failure has not been reported yet. We assessed whether a single serum measurement of the two physiological antagonists at 6-8 weeks gestation could differentiate ectopic pregnancies (EP) or missed abortions (MA) f...